相关企业借势热推，消毒家电会成行业新机遇吗？******
羊城晚报记者 黄婷
连日来，随着新冠病毒感染调整为“乙类乙管”，家庭和个人的健康防护显得至关重要。而家庭里最有可能残存新冠病毒的位置是冰箱。一连串话题引发热议，也推动了一些冰箱厂商对于杀灭新冠病毒技术的研发和推广。
行业掀起营销热潮
此前，南方医科大学第五附属医院感染管理科主任向东明在受访时建议，如果有家庭成员未感染新冠病毒的，或者家中常有客人来访的，应该对冰箱进行清洁。新冠病毒在潮湿、低温的环境中存活时间较长，可能在冰箱里长期存活，未被感染的人员可能会通过冰箱接触到活的新冠病毒。
在冰箱消毒备受关注的同时，记者留意到，不少冰箱品牌掀起一波“灭新冠冰箱”和健康冰箱的营销热潮。
如长虹旗下的品牌美菱新上市了杀新冠冰箱产品，据介绍，其原理与酒精、消毒机杀灭新冠病毒类似，都是利用一定浓度的消毒物质破坏新冠病毒的蛋白质外壳。美菱技术相关负责人表示：“美菱灭毒装置安全环保高效广谱，内置特有高分子缓释凝胶，能够持久释放高效新生态原子氧，杀灭及阻断细菌、病毒等微生物蛋白质合成，能够全空间高效灭杀新冠病毒等多种病毒。”容声冰箱也借势宣传，称其应用于多款冰箱产品的AI离子除菌技术也可以全面高效去除冰箱内的新冠病毒。容声冰箱技术工程师介绍，该技术通过在数秒内脉冲电离释放出数百万负离子，实时主动地全方位、主动消灭各种病毒，甚至直接摧毁病毒的蛋白质外壳，发挥高效除菌杀毒的作用。
是否行业升级机遇？
记者了解到，美菱和容声的上述冰箱技术及产品，均获得第三方检测机构的认证。据称，美菱“杀新冠冰箱”的灭毒装置已通过北京中析研究所认证。报告显示，美菱灭毒装置作用10分钟后，可以有效灭杀冷藏/冷冻箱物体表面的105.6TCID50新型冠状病毒，灭杀率高达99.9%。而容声的上述技术模块于2021年2月取得欧洲知名权威检测机构Texcell检测报告，认定其对于新冠病毒的去除率高达99.998%。
美菱还于1月5日透露，将向全行业无偿转让冰箱杀新冠技术，携手同行一起制造更多健康产品，惠及整个产业的科技创新发展；并推出冰箱灭新冠行动。
值得探讨的是，杀灭新冠病毒的冰箱产品，能否成为冰箱行业复苏的新机遇？
在刚刚过去的2022年，外需收缩和内部疫情影响打乱了冰箱行业原本就不乐观的市场走势，使得行业规模增长继续承压。行业咨询机构奥维云网(AVC)全渠道推总数据显示，2022年冰箱市场零售量为2988万台，同比下滑6.3%；零售额926亿元，同比下降4.7%。
奥维云网报告提到，后疫情时代，消费者健康防护意识显著提升，囤货存储、精细化存储及健康化存储需求更加迫切，为冰箱的大容积升级趋势提供了有力支撑。
实际上，在疫情前，冰箱行业内较受关注的是冰箱的杀菌与抗菌功能，但由于标准体系不完善，市场相对混乱，给消费者的选购带来了困扰，随着首个家用杀菌电冰箱标准的发布，冰箱杀菌功能得到界定。
性能宣传亟待规范
随着消毒类家电的走红，部分企业对消毒性能的宣传亟待规范。记者查阅相关标准发现，《家用及类似用途电器的抗病毒、除病毒功能通用技术要求及试验方法》团体标准已于2020年6月开始实施，该标准主要从除病毒通用方法进行规范，并对各个类型的家电除病毒方法进行细分，起到快速弥补行业标准空白的作用。不过，团体标准仍属于小范围内制定的标准，亟待更加权威和科学的标准来引导行业发展。
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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